A veces, si nos tomamos un momento para detenernos y mirar a nuestro alrededor (¡sí, es difícil hacerlo!)… realmente podemos ver lo que nos rodea. Podemos darnos cuenta de que muchas de las respuestas a las preguntas que nos hacemos ya están ahí para nosotros, esperando a ser descubiertas.

Como educadores y profesionales de la primera infancia, esta pausa puede ser a través del proceso de plantear una pregunta de una manera nueva nueva forma, buscando en buscando diferente resultado, viendo ver con una nueva comprensión. O puede ser un trampolín para algo que ya sabemos, pero que nos lleva en una dirección inexplorada.

El viaje del aprendizaje al aire libre es así.

Para los que ya estáis en este camino, ya lo sabéis. A los que sientan curiosidad y quieran saber más, les invito a seguir leyendo.

Todo entorno exterior tiene algo que ofrecer. Algo que descubrir. Algo nuevo que puede enriquecer nuestras vidas. Puede transformar la forma en que los niños interactúan con el mundo. Nuestro mundo. Su mundo.

La investigación es abundante y clara en cuanto a los muchos beneficios del aprendizaje de los niños al aire libre y del juego en la naturaleza.

Así pues, tanto si dispones de mucho como de poco tiempo al aire libre en tu centro, tanto si tienes una zona boscosa, un campo, un terreno abierto o un pequeño espacio o incluso sólo unos pocos árboles en los que explorar, el aprendizaje de la naturaleza PUEDE tener lugar. Pero insisto en que se explore con esa mentalidad curiosa. Si estás pensando en todas las barreras que pueden impedirte poner en práctica experiencias al aire libre para tus hijos, no estás solo.¡Pero esto es tan nuevo, tan diferente! ¡Tengo tanto incorporado a lo que ya sé y hago! ¡Esto es demasiado trabajo! Cambiar ES difícil, pero a medida que sigas leyendo para conocer herramientas e ideas prácticas para integrar más naturaleza en tu día a día, descubrirás que no sólo es factible, sino que está lleno de regalos inesperados. Cómo empezar a enseñar en el exterior de Get toGreen a través de las escuelas del condado de Fairfax proporciona consejos sencillos.

La Asociación Norteamericana de Educación Ambiental (naaee) ofrece tres categorías para planificar y organizar experiencias de aprendizaje al aire libre: ENSEÑANZA, SEGURIDAD y MEDIO AMBIENTE.

Cuando pasamos tiempo al aire libre con los niños, podemos aprender tanto del espacio como del lugar. Aprender al aire libre (¡simplemente estando al aire libre!) también es un beneficio independiente para el desarrollo integral del niño… simplemente ser al aire libre es bueno para los niños y las escuelas.

Consejos prácticos para la ropa y la merienda:

A veces lo mejor es empezar poco a poco. Una nueva rutina de paseo por la naturaleza con indicaciones como “Cuéntame más sobre lo que notas” y “¿Puedes decir más sobre eso?”. O integrar un enfoque matemático como “Exploradores de la naturaleza, hoy vamos a fijarnos en la naturaleza que nos rodea en grupos de tres” puede ser uno de los cambios más importantes que hagas este año.

A veces, lo mejor es replantearse una rutina que suele hacerse en el interior y/o sobre una pantalla y sacarla al exterior. Las lecturas en voz alta, los diarios y las canciones pueden hacerse ahora sobre colchonetas de gomaespuma o una lona. Unos minutos extra enseñando y practicando rutinas de aprendizaje al aire libre merecen la pena.

A veces, lo mejor es planificar con tu equipo docente y hacer vuestras propias búsquedas del tesoro en la naturaleza para adultos, y examinar las zonas para un juego seguro y creativo.

La naturaleza es alegre. La naturaleza es poderosa. La naturaleza es una maestra increíble. Te invito a dar los pequeños pasos o los saltos de gigante necesarios para proporcionar a nuestros hijos experiencias al aire libre de importancia crítica. Trabajando como profesora y entrenadora en innumerables espacios y lugares durante más de veinte años, puedo afirmar con certeza que lo que la naturaleza nos regala como maestra es incomparable.

Así que, baja el ritmo, mira a tu alrededor y hazte esas preguntas que la naturaleza ha estado esperando que nos hagamos.

“Si realmente queremos que la educación basada en la naturaleza sea significativa y accesible para todos los niños y familias, debemos esforzarnos por enfocar la educación en el contexto no sólo de la clase, o del bosque, sino del lugar, de todo este mundo extraordinario del que todos formamos parte.” – Kit Harrington

 

Early Childhood Education can have a lot of buzzwords and misunderstandings. This “Philosophy Spotlight” series intends to introduce you to the origins of a number of currently used philosophies directly from the writings of their founders and accomplished practitioners, as well as modern practices and ideas associated with these philosophies. Note that many of the philosophies and philosophers we reference in the US are Euro-centric in origin. I will do my best to integrate philosophies of development and learning from a more diverse body of knowledge, for the benefit of all children and providers. You’ll notice a significant amount of overlap between philosophies, as well as some stark differences. Use these articles to consider your own approach to early education, and maybe refine how you see you work and design your program. These are intended to be broad overviews; please see the references if you’d like to learn more about each one! 

Modern Regulating Bodies/Standards: 

In the UK, there is the Forest School Association that accredits Forest Schools/Nature Based Programs

Eastern Region Association of Forest and Nature Schools offers teacher certifications.

There is no requirement to be affiliated with these or other regulating bodies to call a program a Forest or Nature School.

Origins, Theories and Theorists:

Forest schools have existed around the world since the early 1920s, with Sweden and Denmark beginning the practice as a type of informal early childhood education. It has expanded substantially in recent years, notably since 2012 and another expansion during and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Western Europe, Eastern Asia, and the United States.

From UK Forest School:

  1. Forest school is a long-term process of frequent and regular sessions in a woodland or natural environment, rather than a one-off visit. Planning, adaptation, observations and reviewing are integral elements of Forest School.
  2. Forest School takes place in a woodland or natural wooded environment to support the development of a relationship between the learner and the natural world.
  3. Forest School aims to promote the holistic development of all those involved, fostering resilient, confident, independent and creative learners.
  4. Forest School offers learners the opportunity to take supported risks appropriate to the environment and to themselves.
  5. Forest School is run by qualified Forest School practitioners who continuously maintain and develop their professional practice.
  6. Forest School uses a range of learner-centered processes to create a community for development and learning.

Values: 

Providers with outdoor/nature based programs value being outdoors in almost all weather.

Leaving nature as it is– stewardship of nature.

Following the seasons; helping children observe the way the world changes over time and in predictable ways.

Some nature programs teach children from a young age how to use a campfire to cook or use other tools to interact with the outdoors. A degree of risky play is often a draw of Forest Schools or Nature Based Programs, whether that’s allowing children to climb trees or rocks, or carry and play with fallen sticks.

A Forest School is distinct from other outdoor play due primarily to time spent outdoors, in amount each day as well as the length of time in months or years in one place. There is also great freedom of time and flexibility of schedule, rather than preplanned and limited time to be outdoors.

What You Might Observe in a Forest School:

Children outside in all weather conditions.

Children out of view of supervising adults.

Adults setting children’s boundaries at the beginning of each session, reminding them how far and in what areas they can explore, what the signal is to return, and where to come back together at that signal.

Risky play, including children using tools.

Few to no traditional toys or play materials.

Influence on Modern ECE Programs at Large: 

The Forest School movement has drawn attention to the benefits of time in nature for children and people of all ages, in physical health, mental health, and cognition.

Questions for Your Reflection:

How do I use my outdoor space and time?

What opportunities do children in my program have to notice daily, weekly, and seasonal changes?

What natural resources are available to me and the children in my care?

Fort building is an activity most children enjoy– who wouldn’t love the opportunity to be the architect of their own space? It’s also an incredible way to promote children’s creativity, imagination, persistence, and STEAM skills.

Why is this a STEAM activity?

Science: children need to navigate the physical properties of a variety of materials to make their fort. Will the fabric keep its shape when draped over sticks, or will it fold in ways the children didn’t anticipate? Will rubber bands be strong enough to hold the sticks together, or will they need to use yarn or glue?

Technology: Older children can use rulers, measuring tape, levels, and more tools to help them plan and execute their forts.

Engineering: Structural engineers need to take into account the materials they’re working with when designing structures for an intended purpose. These young engineers will learn the foundational problem-solving skills when the plan and test their designs.

Art: A sense of aesthetics is crucial in fort design! Children can select their color scheme and decor as they assemble.

Math: Geometry is key here, as children figure out how large a space they need to fit the people they would like inside, and measure their sticks and cloth accordingly.

Building outdoor fabric forts promotes play can help children develop problem-solving skills that will help them later in life. Fabric forts don’t always work out the way kids want them to! They teach children to find new and better ways to achieve the result they want.

How can you get started? Depending on the ages of the children involved, this activity may use: blankets, tablecloths, sticks, lengths of PVC pipe, yarn, glue, paper, rubber bands, and all kinds of other “stuff” that you have on hand!